Evolution - Cell structure and function Part 3 19 July 2012

Golgi Bodies

·        Works closely with the Endoplasmic Reticulum

·        Primary function is to process and package complex molecules such as proteins and fats that are made by the cell.

·        Brings these products to the surface of the cell where they can be secreted

·        Other sections include hormones, antibodies and enzymes.

(image taken from: http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/bio/notes/BIO%20Notes%20D%20%20Cell%20Structure.htm)

Lysosomes

·        Contain digestive enzymes

·        Digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles and engulf bacteria or viruses

·        Also help repair worn-out plasma membrane

·        Thy also provide sugars, amino acids and bases which are the foundation of macromolecules

(image taken from: http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01942/plcells/lysosomes.htm)

Vacuoles

·        Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion and waste removal

·        Central large vacuole to help the plant cells maintain shape

·        Food vacuoles: formed by phagocytosis

·        Animal cells have many small vacuoles.

Chloroplast

·        Usually found in plant cells

·        Contains green chlorophyll

·        Where photosynthesis takes place (site of photosynthesis)

·        Converts light energy into chemical energy in glucose

Chloroplast under a microscope